Don't Move to Indiana To Become a Prosthodontist

I really shouldn't have to tell both of the Prosthodontists in the nation who are currently looking for a job but you probably won't find a job if you drop everything and move to Indiana.   Also I don't know what a Prosthodontist is so let me pause and go look that up.    Turns out that a prosthodontist is a specialization in dentistry that handles restoration of teeth or dentures.

Why am I talking about prosthodontists in Indiana?   

According to this article "The fastest-growing job in each U.S. state" from Yahoo Finance, the fastest growing job in Indiana is prosthodontist.     You can follow that link to see their nice pretty graphic showing the (alleged) fastest growing job per state.    Reading that raised a red alert in my BS radar.      I figured if I've never even heard of an occupation its probably unlikely that its a new boom job.    In fact  all I had to do was click on the source cited " projections from the government-backed Projections Managing Partnership (PMP)" to see that there are currently 0 prosthodontists in Indiana and the projection is for there to be 10.      I do see that going from nothing to 10 is pretty good growth but 10 jobs is nothing.        I don't know how the Yahoo finance articles authors decided that this +10 job growth ranked as the fastest growing job for the state.    There are numerous jobs for Indiana projected to have higher net job increases and high % increases.   The % increase for prosthodontists is actually listed as 0.    The job numbers go from 0 to 10 so theres no valid way to express % increase.   Yet for some reason the Yahoo folks decided this change from 0 to 10 was the biggest increase. 

Two ways of looking at the fastest growing jobs are to look at the % increase or the net increase.   A job that goes from 50 to 75 has a 50% increase and a 25 net increase.     

Pulling the data from the Projections Management website for the 2017 to 2019 projections for Indiana we get :

High % growth jobs for Indiana :

OccupationName	Base	Proj	Change	PercentChange
Artists and Related Workers, All Other	50	60	10	20
Helpers--Painters, Paperhangers, Plasterers, and Stucco Masons	50	60	10	20
Cartographers and Photogrammetrists	100	110	10	10
Set and Exhibit Designers	100	110	10	10
Archivists	120	130	10	8.3
Elevator Installers and Repairers	120	130	10	8.3

Jobs with high net job increases for Indiana: 

OccupationName	Base	Proj	Change	PercentChange
Combined Food Preparation and Serving Workers, Including Fast Food	83720	85620	1900	2.3
Registered Nurses	65480	67330	1850	2.8
Team Assemblers	82420	83850	1430	1.7
Personal Care Aides	29230	30530	1300	4.4
Waiters and Waitresses	51740	53030	1290	2.5

Clearly there are a LOT lot more jobs in food prep, nursing, personal care, than there are in the "boom" 20% growth jobs such as painters helpers.   But if you only look at the % increase then you're likely to chase a job with very few actual openings. 

Oh, also don't move to Idaho to be an 'exhibit designer'.   The Yahoo finance analysis did the exact same thing for that job in that state and decided that going from 0 exhibit designer jobs to 10 jobs is the fastest growing occupation for Idaho.

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Labor Force Participation for men Age 65+ from 1850 to 1990

I found this paper excerpt on NBER titled The Evolution of Retirement: An American Economic History, 1880-1990   Figure 2.1 in the document shows the labor force participation for men age 55-64 and 65+ from 1850 to 1990.   

Here's the chart :

Source : NBER

Most men over 65 were working up until the 1940's. 

The concept of retirement as we think of it now wasn't invented with Social Security.   But its still a relatively new thing in the history of the world  Just 150 years ago the vast majority of men over 65 were still working.

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It Should Not Surprise Us that 1 in 6 Millennials Have Saved $100k

Recent headlines are telling us that Millennials: 1 in 6 now have $100,000 socked away    And when reading that I wonder 'why is this news'?        Will it be followed by reports that 1 in 50 Millennials are millionaires or that 1 in 2 millenials have over $50k in their 401k?   Cause I suppose both those are true too.

I don't think its any surprise at all that 1 in 6 millennials have over 100k saved.   Theres a few reasons why it should be expected.

Net worth and savings balances increase with age and millennials are aging.   

As millenials get older it is really just a given that their savings will grow on average.  This isn't any kind of generational phenomenon its just a simple reflection of peoples savings growing over time.

In the survey of consumer finances the mean holdings of financial assets by age in 2013 was :

Age of head (years)	Mean  $k
Less than 35	38.3
35–44	148.8
45–54	253.1
55–64	411.2
65–74	566.1
75 or more	314.6

Note this is just among households who have financial assets but >90% do for every age group.
This kind of distribution has held over time too so you could see similar growth of assets by age in previous years.    As you can see there the jump from the under 35 to the 35 -44 age groups crosses the $100k mean.   


If you make a decent amount its not so hard to pile up $100k over a few years. 

I used one of DQYDJ.com's nifty calculators to find the income ranking for people age 18-35 and it shows that ~18% of households with heads in that age group make $100k or more.     If you are in your late 20's or early 30's and make 6 figures then its not too hard or unusual to have piled up $100k across your savings.   A 5% 401k investment and employer match would get you there.

People also inherit money.   

I found this interesting BLS paper with a lot of data on inheritances :
Inheritances and the Distribution of Wealth Or Whatever Happened to the Great Inheritance Boom?
Its a bit old but the figures give us a reference on how common inheritances are and how much people receive.   From 1989 to 2007 about 12% of people under age 35 inherit or receive gifts that average ~$146k.  The average skews high and the median value was $28k.     But still thats a sizable chunk of people who receive large gifts or inheritances.    If the median is $28k received by 12% then 6% of people got over $28k.   I'd assume that 1-2% of people inherit over $100k but that is more an educated guess.

I think that instead of proclaiming a sense of surprise that the younger generation has saved money they should have honestly stated 'hey we shouldn't generalize entire generations'.

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Net Worth by Age Over Time 1989 - 2016

The Survey Of Consumer Finances has net worth broken down by age groups.   They have data going back to 1989 and the report is every three years.    Taking that data and then adjusting for inflation to 2016 I get the following charts showing how net worth has changed for different age groups over the time period :

I also figured the % change from 1989 to 2016 for each age group :

	Mean	Median
Less than 35	83%	72%
35–44	100%	54%
45–54	134%	64%
55–64	194%	98%
65–74	194%	149%
75 or more	225%	187%

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How Many Bedrooms Do Homes Have?

Most homes in America have two or three bedrooms.       What are the exact figures?   The American Housing Survey has data on the number of bedrooms in homes.     The data below is for 2015.

Here's a chart showing the distribution:

And a table with the raw #'s

None	924
1	12,912
2	29,915
3	48,122
4 or more	26,417

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Money Can't Buy You Feelings of Worthlessness, Hopelessness and Sadness

Money cant buy happiness they say?     Well poverty can buy you feelings of worthlessness, hopelessness and sadness all or most of the time.    I'll take the cash instead please.

I've made this point before and again and again.    But I will go ahead and keep making it.

The report How Are Income and Wealth Linked to Health and Longevity? from the Urban Institute had the figure below :

(Source : Urban Institute, click image for full size)

Clearly all rich people aren't happy and all poor people aren't sad.    But it is just one more data point that there is clear correlation between happiness and money.   Now note that I'm using the word correlation there.    Its an important detail.     Its possible at least in some cases that the feelings of worthlessness, hopelessness or sadness caused the poverty.

If you really truly think money doesn't make you happy then I implore you to make the world a better place and give all your money to a poor person.
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Mass Transit Usage By State

Have you been yearning to find out how Delaware ranked in usage of mass transit versus the other states?    I know you have.   I used a couple data sources to figure the number of annual trips in mass transit taken per capita for each state.    Spoiler alert:  Delaware is #22.

I got the annual trips per state off of Table 4-4: Urban Transit Ridership by State and Transit Mode: 2013 at Dot.gov.     I then divided by the population of each state for 2013 found at Enchanted Learning.com


Here is the list alphabetically by state :

State	Annual trips per capita	Rank
Alabama	1.6	49
Alaska	6.9	32
Arizona	15.1	18
Arkansas	2.0	46
California	37.4	7
Colorado	20.8	13
Connecticut	12.5	20
Delaware	12.1	22
District of Columbia	639.9	1
Florida	14.6	19
Georgia	16.1	16
Hawaii	52.0	5
Idaho	1.7	48
Illinois	52.3	4
Indiana	5.3	34
Iowa	7.4	31
Kansas	2.6	42
Kentucky	6.2	33
Louisiana	8.3	28
Maine	4.1	38
Maryland	24.2	12
Massachusetts	63.5	3
Michigan	10.0	25
Minnesota	19.1	15
Mississippi	0.7	51
Missouri	11.3	23
Montana	2.4	43
Nebraska	3.5	39
Nevada	26.7	11
New Hampshire	2.9	41
New Jersey	44.0	6
New Mexico	7.9	29
New York	201.9	2
North Carolina	7.4	30
North Dakota	3.5	40
Ohio	9.7	26
Oklahoma	2.0	45
Oregon	31.7	10
Pennsylvania	36.1	8
Rhode Island	19.5	14
South Carolina	2.4	44
South Dakota	1.8	47
Tennessee	4.8	35
Texas	11.0	24
Utah	16.1	17
Vermont	4.4	37
Virginia	8.9	27
Washington	34.9	9
West Virginia	4.6	36
Wisconsin	12.3	21
Wyoming	0.8	50

Here is the sorted list with the highest usage level on down :

State	Annual trips per capita	Rank
District of Columbia	639.9	1
New York	201.9	2
Massachusetts	63.5	3
Illinois	52.3	4
Hawaii	52.0	5
New Jersey	44.0	6
California	37.4	7
Pennsylvania	36.1	8
Washington	34.9	9
Oregon	31.7	10
Nevada	26.7	11
Maryland	24.2	12
Colorado	20.8	13
Rhode Island	19.5	14
Minnesota	19.1	15
Georgia	16.1	16
Utah	16.1	17
Arizona	15.1	18
Florida	14.6	19
Connecticut	12.5	20
Wisconsin	12.3	21
Delaware	12.1	22
Missouri	11.3	23
Texas	11.0	24
Michigan	10.0	25
Ohio	9.7	26
Virginia	8.9	27
Louisiana	8.3	28
New Mexico	7.9	29
North Carolina	7.4	30
Iowa	7.4	31
Alaska	6.9	32
Kentucky	6.2	33
Indiana	5.3	34
Tennessee	4.8	35
West Virginia	4.6	36
Vermont	4.4	37
Maine	4.1	38
Nebraska	3.5	39
North Dakota	3.5	40
New Hampshire	2.9	41
Kansas	2.6	42
Montana	2.4	43
South Carolina	2.4	44
Oklahoma	2.0	45
Arkansas	2.0	46
South Dakota	1.8	47
Idaho	1.7	48
Alabama	1.6	49
Wyoming	0.8	50
Mississippi	0.7	51

I don't see any real surprises here.    Its almost a ranking of highly urban states to mostly rural states.
D.C. and NYC have very high usage rates.    Wyoming and South Dakota do not.


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Millenials Aren't Abandoning Homeownership

Take a look at this chart from the Census.gov site:

Look at that purple line at the bottom plummet at slightly faster rate than some of the other color lines!!!  Kids these days.    Sorry for the sarcasm, but I think the graphic should illustrate that the homeownership trend for young people isn't really much different than the population in general.   People in the 45-54 and 55-64 age groups dropped at just about the same pace as people under 35.  


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What Caused Changes in Labor Force Participation 2007-2016

The below information and the graphic are a direct copy/paste off of the Federal Reserve of Atlanta page

The following factors put downward pressure on the labor force participation rate between 2007 and 2016.

Aging of the population: The aging of the population has had a significant effect on the LFP rate. Without the shifting distribution of the population towards older individuals since 2007, the overall labor force participation rate in Q4 2016 would have been 2.1 percentage points higher.
Rising education: Education has become increasingly important in the last couple of decades. Young people are devoting more of their time to schooling instead of the labor market, and older individuals are more likely to return to school to move forward in their careers than in the past. The recession likely amplified these trends as it allowed youth to delay entry into the job market and gave others an opportunity to retool. Rising school attendance explains about 0.9 percentage points of the overall decline between 2007 and 2016.
Health problems: The percent of the population who say they are too sick or disabled to work has been rising for some time, and the rise has been occurring even among young and prime-age individuals. Holding the age distribution of the population fixed at 2007 shares, the increase has contributed 0.6 percentage points to the overall decline in labor force participation.
Shadow labor force: The percent of the population on the margin of the labor force who say they want a job but for some reason are not actively looking for work rose during the recession across all age groups. The contribution of this factor has shrunk over the last couple of years, but still accounts for about 0.4 points of the overall decline between 2007 and 2016.

The following factors put upward pressure on the labor force participation rate between 2007 and 2016:

Retirement: A significant factor that has worked against declining participation is that a larger share of older Americans are staying in the labor force than in the past. All else being equal, if those people older than 60 were just as likely to retire in 2016 as they were in 2007, the labor force participation rate would now be about 0.90 percentage point lower.
Family responsibilities: The share of the population who chose not to participate in the labor market because they were taking care of their family declined during the Great Recession—especially among women. This pushed the labor force participation rate of women about 0.55 percentage points higher than it would have been between 2007 and 2010, but this effect has largely dissipated.

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Americans Are Not All Living Paycheck to Paycheck

Over at The Simple Dollar they posted an article titled : Instant Gratification: Why 76% of Americans Live Paycheck to Paycheck and How You Can Beat That Cycle with 12 Simple Strategies
That 76% number seemed awfully high.    Way too high.  Unbelievably high.     But there is a survey that claimed that figure of course.   Here is a reference to the survey in a CNN article 76% of Americans are living paycheck-to-paycheck.   They say its an survey from Bankrate.    I found that survey : 76% of Americans Don't Have Enough Emergency Savings and I quote :

"Fewer than one in four Americans (24%) have enough savings to cover at least six months' expenses"
Having less than 6 months expenses is not "living paycheck to paycheck".    6 months of living expenses is actually a pretty healthy emergency fund.    Living paycheck to paycheck would mean you have less than a months expenses in savings.

The Bankrate article goes on to say: "Exactly half have less than three months' expenses saved up, and 27% have no emergency savings whatsoever."

Bankrate also has a page with charts on the topic.    We can find a little more data there.

Their survey found that the breakdown of emergency savings is :

No savings	27%
Less than 3 months	23%
3 to 5 months	21%
6 months or more	24%
no answer	6%

If you've got over a month savings then you're not really living "paycheck to paycheck" in my opinion.   So I'd say that really somewhere between 27% and 50% are  living "paycheck to paycheck".    Its probably more like 40% who really have under a month in savings.   But that doesn't even mean that 40% are living "paycheck to paycheck" since "savings" isn't the only way to have money.     I'm sure there are people with a pile of money in stocks or other assets but with less than a months cash in a savings account.    Such people may just rely on credit cards or other lines of credit for emergency expenses that might exceed a months spending.  

As another data point I also found the Federal Reserve topic Report on the Economic Well-Being of U.S. Households. (full report)   and they said : "When asked if they have set aside an emergency or rainy day fund that would cover three months of expenses, nearly half of respondents (47 percent) indicate that they do."   Which agrees with the Bankrate figure on that matter.


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Everyone Didn't Use To Work For The Same Company For Forty Years Until Retirement

There is a belief it seems that in the "olden days" that people would start a job at some company and then work for that company for the next 40 years and then retire.   This picture is capped with a retirement party and the worker getting their golden watch retirement gift.    Nowadays though the belief is that its typical for workers to bounce between employers every few years.

Nobody in my family I know of ever worked for the same employer more than maybe 10 or 15 years.   Nobody worked for the same company their whole working life.   Of course this is just anecdotal but leads me to wonder if this picture of the typical worker putting in 30-40 years with one business is really typical at all.

I found this report by ERBI : Employee Tenure Trend Lines, 1983–2010

Here's how the tenure of male workers looks over history:

(click image for full size)

Its certainly down from the peaks in the 50's.   But it didn't go from 40 years to 5 years.
I don't see data going back before 1951.     I'm assuming that the lower tenure rate for 1951 is a result of WWII.   During WWII a large portion of working age men were occupied in the war effort.   So a larger percentage of men would have changed or started work at different companies after the war was over.

The trend looks different for women.   Its almost the opposite with all the lines trending up over time.

There is also a Bloomberg article that discusses the same data : Sticking With the Same Job Isn't Out of Style
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Large Business Percent of Jobs and Payroll By State

Nationally most jobs and most wages are at big companies (over 500 employees).    52% of all jobs and 58% of all wages in the USA are from big companies.    But of course it varies by state.    In Montana only 32% of jobs are from big companies and its 59% in Nevada.      Montana again has the lowest wages from big companies at 39% and at the other end Georgia has the most wages at 62%.

I found data on employment based on firm size data on the SBA website.   Specifically :  Table 1- Number of firms, establishments, employment, and payroll by firm size, state, and industry

The following table shows the % of jobs that are with big companies and the % of wages earned by workers of big companies.

State	jobs	pay
Alabama	52%	56%
Alaska	46%	53%
Arizona	55%	61%
Arkansas	51%	58%
California	50%	58%
Colorado	51%	58%
Connecticut	51%	59%
Delaware	54%	61%
District of Columbia	52%	57%
Florida	57%	60%
Georgia	56%	62%
Hawaii	48%	52%
Idaho	44%	51%
Illinois	53%	58%
Indiana	53%	59%
Iowa	51%	55%
Kansas	48%	54%
Kentucky	54%	59%
Louisiana	46%	52%
Maine	43%	48%
Maryland	49%	54%
Massachusetts	54%	60%
Michigan	49%	55%
Minnesota	52%	60%
Mississippi	52%	57%
Missouri	52%	59%
Montana	32%	39%
Nebraska	52%	58%
Nevada	59%	60%
New Hampshire	48%	51%
New Jersey	50%	58%
New Mexico	45%	50%
New York	49%	58%
North Carolina	54%	61%
North Dakota	41%	49%
Ohio	53%	60%
Oklahoma	47%	53%
Oregon	44%	53%
Pennsylvania	53%	59%
Rhode Island	45%	50%
South Carolina	53%	58%
South Dakota	41%	46%
Tennessee	56%	60%
Texas	54%	60%
Utah	53%	57%
Vermont	41%	41%
Virginia	53%	58%
Washington	48%	58%
West Virginia	49%	56%
Wisconsin	49%	56%
Wyoming	38%	47%
United States	52%	58%

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Percent (%) Population Growth For Metropolitan Areas From 2014 to 2015

Source : Census.gov

First just the growth rates for cities that are over 1 million in population for 2015 :

New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ-PA Metro Area	20,182,305	0.4%
Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, CA Metro Area	13,340,068	0.6%
Chicago-Naperville-Elgin, IL-IN-WI Metro Area	9,551,031	-0.1%
Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX Metro Area	7,102,796	2.1%
Houston-The Woodlands-Sugar Land, TX Metro Area	6,656,947	2.4%
Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV Metro Area	6,097,684	1.1%
Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington, PA-NJ-DE-MD Metro Area	6,069,875	0.3%
Miami-Fort Lauderdale-West Palm Beach, FL Metro Area	6,012,331	1.3%
Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Roswell, GA Metro Area	5,710,795	1.7%
Boston-Cambridge-Newton, MA-NH Metro Area	4,774,321	0.7%
San Francisco-Oakland-Hayward, CA Metro Area	4,656,132	1.3%
Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale, AZ Metro Area	4,574,531	2.0%
Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario, CA Metro Area	4,489,159	1.1%
Detroit-Warren-Dearborn, MI Metro Area	4,302,043	0.0%
Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, WA Metro Area	3,733,580	1.7%
Minneapolis-St. Paul-Bloomington, MN-WI Metro Area	3,524,583	0.8%
San Diego-Carlsbad, CA Metro Area	3,299,521	1.0%
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL Metro Area	2,975,225	2.0%
Denver-Aurora-Lakewood, CO Metro Area	2,814,330	2.1%
St. Louis, MO-IL Metro Area	2,811,588	0.2%
Baltimore-Columbia-Towson, MD Metro Area	2,797,407	0.4%
Charlotte-Concord-Gastonia, NC-SC Metro Area	2,426,363	2.0%
Portland-Vancouver-Hillsboro, OR-WA Metro Area	2,389,228	1.7%
Orlando-Kissimmee-Sanford, FL Metro Area	2,387,138	2.6%
San Antonio-New Braunfels, TX Metro Area	2,384,075	2.2%
Pittsburgh, PA Metro Area	2,353,045	-0.2%
Sacramento--Roseville--Arden-Arcade, CA Metro Area	2,274,194	1.3%
San Juan-Carolina-Caguas, PR Metro Area	2,196,538
Cincinnati, OH-KY-IN Metro Area	2,157,719	0.4%
Las Vegas-Henderson-Paradise, NV Metro Area	2,114,801	2.2%
Kansas City, MO-KS Metro Area	2,087,471	0.8%
Cleveland-Elyria, OH Metro Area	2,060,810	-0.2%
Columbus, OH Metro Area	2,021,632	1.2%
Austin-Round Rock, TX Metro Area	2,000,860	3.0%
Indianapolis-Carmel-Anderson, IN Metro Area	1,988,817	0.9%
San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, CA Metro Area	1,976,836	1.2%
Nashville-Davidson--Murfreesboro--Franklin, TN Metro Area	1,830,345	2.0%
Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC Metro Area	1,724,876	0.4%
Providence-Warwick, RI-MA Metro Area	1,613,070	0.2%
Milwaukee-Waukesha-West Allis, WI Metro Area	1,575,747	0.1%
Jacksonville, FL Metro Area	1,449,481	2.0%
Oklahoma City, OK Metro Area	1,358,452	1.6%
Memphis, TN-MS-AR Metro Area	1,344,127	0.1%
Louisville/Jefferson County, KY-IN Metro Area	1,278,413	0.6%
Raleigh, NC Metro Area	1,273,568	2.5%
Richmond, VA Metro Area	1,271,334	0.9%
New Orleans-Metairie, LA Metro Area	1,262,888	0.9%
Hartford-West Hartford-East Hartford, CT Metro Area	1,211,324	-0.2%
Salt Lake City, UT Metro Area	1,170,266	1.4%
Birmingham-Hoover, AL Metro Area	1,145,647	0.2%
Buffalo-Cheektowaga-Niagara Falls, NY Metro Area	1,135,230	-0.1%
Rochester, NY Metro Area	1,081,954	-0.2%
Grand Rapids-Wyoming, MI Metro Area	1,038,583	0.9%
Tucson, AZ Metro Area	1,010,025	0.6%

Now the Top 20 highest growth rates for all metros :

The Villages, FL Metro Area	4.3%
Myrtle Beach-Conway-North Myrtle Beach, SC-NC Metro Area	3.5%
Cape Coral-Fort Myers, FL Metro Area	3.3%
Midland, TX Metro Area	3.3%
Odessa, TX Metro Area	3.3%
Greeley, CO Metro Area	3.2%
Austin-Round Rock, TX Metro Area	3.0%
Bend-Redmond, OR Metro Area	2.9%
Punta Gorda, FL Metro Area	2.8%
Fort Collins, CO Metro Area	2.7%
North Port-Sarasota-Bradenton, FL Metro Area	2.7%
Hilton Head Island-Bluffton-Beaufort, SC Metro Area	2.6%
Orlando-Kissimmee-Sanford, FL Metro Area	2.6%
Naples-Immokalee-Marco Island, FL Metro Area	2.6%
College Station-Bryan, TX Metro Area	2.6%
Raleigh, NC Metro Area	2.5%
St. George, UT Metro Area	2.5%
Houston-The Woodlands-Sugar Land, TX Metro Area	2.4%
Charleston-North Charleston, SC Metro Area	2.4%
Provo-Orem, UT Metro Area	2.4%

Top 20 shrinking cities :

Farmington, NM Metro Area	-4.2%
Hinesville, GA Metro Area	-2.6%
Elizabethtown-Fort Knox, KY Metro Area	-2.2%
Pine Bluff, AR Metro Area	-1.1%
Watertown-Fort Drum, NY Metro Area	-1.1%
Decatur, IL Metro Area	-1.0%
Charleston, WV Metro Area	-1.0%
Albany, GA Metro Area	-1.0%
Saginaw, MI Metro Area	-0.9%
Wichita Falls, TX Metro Area	-0.9%
New Bern, NC Metro Area	-0.9%
Johnstown, PA Metro Area	-0.8%
Vineland-Bridgeton, NJ Metro Area	-0.8%
Michigan City-La Porte, IN Metro Area	-0.7%
Rocky Mount, NC Metro Area	-0.7%
Sierra Vista-Douglas, AZ Metro Area	-0.7%
Beckley, WV Metro Area	-0.7%
Danville, IL Metro Area	-0.7%
Ocean City, NJ Metro Area	-0.7%
Weirton-Steubenville, WV-OH Metro Area	-0.7%
Youngstown-Warren-Boardman, OH-PA Metro Area	-0.7%

Here is the whole table of all metros alphabetically :

Abilene, TX Metro Area	0.7%
Akron, OH Metro Area	-0.1%
Albany, GA Metro Area	-1.0%
Albany, OR Metro Area	1.1%
Albany-Schenectady-Troy, NY Metro Area	0.2%
Albuquerque, NM Metro Area	0.3%
Alexandria, LA Metro Area	-0.2%
Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton, PA-NJ Metro Area	0.3%
Altoona, PA Metro Area	-0.3%
Amarillo, TX Metro Area	0.4%
Ames, IA Metro Area	0.6%
Anchorage, AK Metro Area	0.3%
Ann Arbor, MI Metro Area	0.5%
Anniston-Oxford-Jacksonville, AL Metro Area	-0.3%
Appleton, WI Metro Area	0.7%
Asheville, NC Metro Area	1.1%
Athens-Clarke County, GA Metro Area	2.1%
Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Roswell, GA Metro Area	1.7%
Atlantic City-Hammonton, NJ Metro Area	-0.5%
Auburn-Opelika, AL Metro Area	1.7%
Augusta-Richmond County, GA-SC Metro Area	1.2%
Austin-Round Rock, TX Metro Area	3.0%
Bakersfield, CA Metro Area	0.9%
Baltimore-Columbia-Towson, MD Metro Area	0.4%
Bangor, ME Metro Area	-0.5%
Barnstable Town, MA Metro Area	-0.2%
Baton Rouge, LA Metro Area	0.6%
Battle Creek, MI Metro Area	-0.4%
Bay City, MI Metro Area	-0.6%
Beaumont-Port Arthur, TX Metro Area	0.7%
Beckley, WV Metro Area	-0.7%
Bellingham, WA Metro Area	1.8%
Bend-Redmond, OR Metro Area	2.9%
Billings, MT Metro Area	0.9%
Binghamton, NY Metro Area	-0.6%
Birmingham-Hoover, AL Metro Area	0.2%
Bismarck, ND Metro Area	2.2%
Blacksburg-Christiansburg-Radford, VA Metro Area	0.2%
Bloomington, IL Metro Area	-0.5%
Bloomington, IN Metro Area	0.6%
Bloomsburg-Berwick, PA Metro Area	-0.4%
Boise City, ID Metro Area	1.8%
Boston-Cambridge-Newton, MA-NH Metro Area	0.7%
Boulder, CO Metro Area	1.8%
Bowling Green, KY Metro Area	1.5%
Bremerton-Silverdale, WA Metro Area	2.2%
Bridgeport-Stamford-Norwalk, CT Metro Area	0.2%
Brownsville-Harlingen, TX Metro Area	0.4%
Brunswick, GA Metro Area	1.1%
Buffalo-Cheektowaga-Niagara Falls, NY Metro Area	-0.1%
Burlington, NC Metro Area	1.2%
Burlington-South Burlington, VT Metro Area	0.3%
California-Lexington Park, MD Metro Area	1.0%
Canton-Massillon, OH Metro Area	-0.2%
Cape Coral-Fort Myers, FL Metro Area	3.3%
Cape Girardeau, MO-IL Metro Area	0.0%
Carbondale-Marion, IL Metro Area	0.1%
Carson City, NV Metro Area	0.1%
Casper, WY Metro Area	0.7%
Cedar Rapids, IA Metro Area	0.8%
Chambersburg-Waynesboro, PA Metro Area	0.4%
Champaign-Urbana, IL Metro Area	0.6%
Charleston, WV Metro Area	-1.0%
Charleston-North Charleston, SC Metro Area	2.4%
Charlotte-Concord-Gastonia, NC-SC Metro Area	2.0%
Charlottesville, VA Metro Area	1.2%
Chattanooga, TN-GA Metro Area	0.7%
Cheyenne, WY Metro Area	0.7%
Chicago-Naperville-Elgin, IL-IN-WI Metro Area	-0.1%
Chico, CA Metro Area	0.6%
Cincinnati, OH-KY-IN Metro Area	0.4%
Clarksville, TN-KY Metro Area	1.1%
Cleveland, TN Metro Area	0.9%
Cleveland-Elyria, OH Metro Area	-0.2%
Coeur d'Alene, ID Metro Area	2.1%
College Station-Bryan, TX Metro Area	2.6%
Colorado Springs, CO Metro Area	1.7%
Columbia, MO Metro Area	1.1%
Columbia, SC Metro Area	1.3%
Columbus, GA-AL Metro Area	-0.2%
Columbus, IN Metro Area	1.2%
Columbus, OH Metro Area	1.2%
Corpus Christi, TX Metro Area	0.9%
Corvallis, OR Metro Area	1.3%
Crestview-Fort Walton Beach-Destin, FL Metro Area	1.9%
Cumberland, MD-WV Metro Area	-0.6%
Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX Metro Area	2.1%
Dalton, GA Metro Area	0.6%
Danville, IL Metro Area	-0.7%
Daphne-Fairhope-Foley, AL Metro Area	2.0%
Davenport-Moline-Rock Island, IA-IL Metro Area	-0.1%
Dayton, OH Metro Area	0.0%
Decatur, AL Metro Area	-0.3%
Decatur, IL Metro Area	-1.0%
Deltona-Daytona Beach-Ormond Beach, FL Metro Area	2.1%
Denver-Aurora-Lakewood, CO Metro Area	2.1%
Des Moines-West Des Moines, IA Metro Area	1.8%
Detroit-Warren-Dearborn, MI Metro Area	0.0%
Dothan, AL Metro Area	0.1%
Dover, DE Metro Area	1.0%
Dubuque, IA Metro Area	0.6%
Duluth, MN-WI Metro Area	-0.1%
Durham-Chapel Hill, NC Metro Area	1.7%
East Stroudsburg, PA Metro Area	-0.5%
Eau Claire, WI Metro Area	0.3%
El Centro, CA Metro Area	0.5%
El Paso, TX Metro Area	0.0%
Elizabethtown-Fort Knox, KY Metro Area	-2.2%
Elkhart-Goshen, IN Metro Area	0.9%
Elmira, NY Metro Area	-0.5%
Erie, PA Metro Area	-0.3%
Eugene, OR Metro Area	1.2%
Evansville, IN-KY Metro Area	0.2%
Fairbanks, AK Metro Area	0.3%
Fargo, ND-MN Metro Area	2.3%
Farmington, NM Metro Area	-4.2%
Fayetteville, NC Metro Area	-0.3%
Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers, AR-MO Metro Area	2.3%
Flagstaff, AZ Metro Area	1.1%
Flint, MI Metro Area	-0.5%
Florence, SC Metro Area	-0.1%
Florence-Muscle Shoals, AL Metro Area	-0.4%
Fond du Lac, WI Metro Area	0.0%
Fort Collins, CO Metro Area	2.7%
Fort Smith, AR-OK Metro Area	0.2%
Fort Wayne, IN Metro Area	0.7%
Fresno, CA Metro Area	1.0%
Gadsden, AL Metro Area	-0.4%
Gainesville, FL Metro Area	1.3%
Gainesville, GA Metro Area	1.6%
Gettysburg, PA Metro Area	0.5%
Glens Falls, NY Metro Area	-0.3%
Goldsboro, NC Metro Area	-0.3%
Grand Forks, ND-MN Metro Area	0.7%
Grand Island, NE Metro Area	0.4%
Grand Junction, CO Metro Area	0.4%
Grand Rapids-Wyoming, MI Metro Area	0.9%
Grants Pass, OR Metro Area	1.4%
Great Falls, MT Metro Area	0.0%
Greeley, CO Metro Area	3.2%
Green Bay, WI Metro Area	0.6%
Greensboro-High Point, NC Metro Area	0.6%
Greenville, NC Metro Area	0.4%
Greenville-Anderson-Mauldin, SC Metro Area	1.4%
Gulfport-Biloxi-Pascagoula, MS Metro Area	0.8%
Hagerstown-Martinsburg, MD-WV Metro Area	0.6%
Hammond, LA Metro Area	1.4%
Hanford-Corcoran, CA Metro Area	0.6%
Harrisburg-Carlisle, PA Metro Area	0.7%
Harrisonburg, VA Metro Area	0.6%
Hartford-West Hartford-East Hartford, CT Metro Area	-0.2%
Hattiesburg, MS Metro Area	0.5%
Hickory-Lenoir-Morganton, NC Metro Area	0.1%
Hilton Head Island-Bluffton-Beaufort, SC Metro Area	2.6%
Hinesville, GA Metro Area	-2.6%
Homosassa Springs, FL Metro Area	1.3%
Hot Springs, AR Metro Area	0.0%
Houma-Thibodaux, LA Metro Area	0.4%
Houston-The Woodlands-Sugar Land, TX Metro Area	2.4%
Huntington-Ashland, WV-KY-OH Metro Area	-0.4%
Huntsville, AL Metro Area	0.9%
Idaho Falls, ID Metro Area	1.2%
Indianapolis-Carmel-Anderson, IN Metro Area	0.9%
Iowa City, IA Metro Area	1.2%
Ithaca, NY Metro Area	0.2%
Jackson, MI Metro Area	-0.1%
Jackson, MS Metro Area	0.1%
Jackson, TN Metro Area	-0.3%
Jacksonville, FL Metro Area	2.0%
Jacksonville, NC Metro Area	0.6%
Janesville-Beloit, WI Metro Area	0.1%
Jefferson City, MO Metro Area	0.2%
Johnson City, TN Metro Area	0.2%
Johnstown, PA Metro Area	-0.8%
Jonesboro, AR Metro Area	1.2%
Joplin, MO Metro Area	0.6%
Kahului-Wailuku-Lahaina, HI Metro Area	0.8%
Kalamazoo-Portage, MI Metro Area	0.4%
Kankakee, IL Metro Area	-0.5%
Kansas City, MO-KS Metro Area	0.8%
Kennewick-Richland, WA Metro Area	1.7%
Killeen-Temple, TX Metro Area	1.4%
Kingsport-Bristol-Bristol, TN-VA Metro Area	-0.2%
Kingston, NY Metro Area	-0.4%
Knoxville, TN Metro Area	0.5%
Kokomo, IN Metro Area	-0.2%
La Crosse-Onalaska, WI-MN Metro Area	0.3%
Lafayette, LA Metro Area	1.0%
Lafayette-West Lafayette, IN Metro Area	1.0%
Lake Charles, LA Metro Area	1.0%
Lake Havasu City-Kingman, AZ Metro Area	0.7%
Lakeland-Winter Haven, FL Metro Area	2.3%
Lancaster, PA Metro Area	0.6%
Lansing-East Lansing, MI Metro Area	0.4%
Laredo, TX Metro Area	1.0%
Las Cruces, NM Metro Area	0.1%
Las Vegas-Henderson-Paradise, NV Metro Area	2.2%
Lawrence, KS Metro Area	1.4%
Lawton, OK Metro Area	-0.5%
Lebanon, PA Metro Area	0.6%
Lewiston, ID-WA Metro Area	0.1%
Lewiston-Auburn, ME Metro Area	-0.2%
Lexington-Fayette, KY Metro Area	1.1%
Lima, OH Metro Area	-0.6%
Lincoln, NE Metro Area	1.2%
Little Rock-North Little Rock-Conway, AR Metro Area	0.4%
Logan, UT-ID Metro Area	1.9%
Longview, TX Metro Area	0.5%
Longview, WA Metro Area	1.2%
Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, CA Metro Area	0.6%
Louisville/Jefferson County, KY-IN Metro Area	0.6%
Lubbock, TX Metro Area	1.5%
Lynchburg, VA Metro Area	0.7%
Macon, GA Metro Area	-0.2%
Madera, CA Metro Area	0.3%
Madison, WI Metro Area	1.1%
Manchester-Nashua, NH Metro Area	0.3%
Manhattan, KS Metro Area	1.0%
Mankato-North Mankato, MN Metro Area	0.4%
Mansfield, OH Metro Area	-0.2%
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission, TX Metro Area	1.3%
Medford, OR Metro Area	1.1%
Memphis, TN-MS-AR Metro Area	0.1%
Merced, CA Metro Area	0.9%
Miami-Fort Lauderdale-West Palm Beach, FL Metro Area	1.3%
Michigan City-La Porte, IN Metro Area	-0.7%
Midland, MI Metro Area	0.2%
Midland, TX Metro Area	3.3%
Milwaukee-Waukesha-West Allis, WI Metro Area	0.1%
Minneapolis-St. Paul-Bloomington, MN-WI Metro Area	0.8%
Missoula, MT Metro Area	1.3%
Mobile, AL Metro Area	0.1%
Modesto, CA Metro Area	1.2%
Monroe, LA Metro Area	0.3%
Monroe, MI Metro Area	-0.3%
Montgomery, AL Metro Area	0.1%
Morgantown, WV Metro Area	1.0%
Morristown, TN Metro Area	0.8%
Mount Vernon-Anacortes, WA Metro Area	1.3%
Muncie, IN Metro Area	-0.3%
Muskegon, MI Metro Area	0.3%
Myrtle Beach-Conway-North Myrtle Beach, SC-NC Metro Area	3.5%
Napa, CA Metro Area	0.6%
Naples-Immokalee-Marco Island, FL Metro Area	2.6%
Nashville-Davidson--Murfreesboro--Franklin, TN Metro Area	2.0%
New Bern, NC Metro Area	-0.9%
New Haven-Milford, CT Metro Area	-0.2%
New Orleans-Metairie, LA Metro Area	0.9%
New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ-PA Metro Area	0.4%
Niles-Benton Harbor, MI Metro Area	-0.4%
North Port-Sarasota-Bradenton, FL Metro Area	2.7%
Norwich-New London, CT Metro Area	-0.3%
Ocala, FL Metro Area	1.3%
Ocean City, NJ Metro Area	-0.7%
Odessa, TX Metro Area	3.3%
Ogden-Clearfield, UT Metro Area	1.7%
Oklahoma City, OK Metro Area	1.6%
Olympia-Tumwater, WA Metro Area	1.3%
Omaha-Council Bluffs, NE-IA Metro Area	1.1%
Orlando-Kissimmee-Sanford, FL Metro Area	2.6%
Oshkosh-Neenah, WI Metro Area	-0.1%
Owensboro, KY Metro Area	0.8%
Oxnard-Thousand Oaks-Ventura, CA Metro Area	0.5%
Palm Bay-Melbourne-Titusville, FL Metro Area	2.0%
Panama City, FL Metro Area	1.5%
Parkersburg-Vienna, WV Metro Area	0.1%
Pensacola-Ferry Pass-Brent, FL Metro Area	1.2%
Peoria, IL Metro Area	-0.5%
Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington, PA-NJ-DE-MD Metro Area	0.3%
Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale, AZ Metro Area	2.0%
Pine Bluff, AR Metro Area	-1.1%
Pittsburgh, PA Metro Area	-0.2%
Pittsfield, MA Metro Area	-0.6%
Pocatello, ID Metro Area	0.3%
Port St. Lucie, FL Metro Area	2.3%
Portland-South Portland, ME Metro Area	0.5%
Portland-Vancouver-Hillsboro, OR-WA Metro Area	1.7%
Prescott, AZ Metro Area	1.6%
Providence-Warwick, RI-MA Metro Area	0.2%
Provo-Orem, UT Metro Area	2.4%
Pueblo, CO Metro Area	1.1%
Punta Gorda, FL Metro Area	2.8%
Racine, WI Metro Area	0.0%
Raleigh, NC Metro Area	2.5%
Rapid City, SD Metro Area	0.4%
Reading, PA Metro Area	0.2%
Redding, CA Metro Area	-0.1%
Reno, NV Metro Area	1.5%
Richmond, VA Metro Area	0.9%
Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario, CA Metro Area	1.1%
Roanoke, VA Metro Area	0.3%
Rochester, MN Metro Area	0.6%
Rochester, NY Metro Area	-0.2%
Rockford, IL Metro Area	-0.5%
Rocky Mount, NC Metro Area	-0.7%
Rome, GA Metro Area	0.5%
Sacramento--Roseville--Arden-Arcade, CA Metro Area	1.3%
Saginaw, MI Metro Area	-0.9%
Salem, OR Metro Area	1.6%
Salinas, CA Metro Area	0.6%
Salisbury, MD-DE Metro Area	1.4%
Salt Lake City, UT Metro Area	1.4%
San Angelo, TX Metro Area	1.0%
San Antonio-New Braunfels, TX Metro Area	2.2%
San Diego-Carlsbad, CA Metro Area	1.0%
San Francisco-Oakland-Hayward, CA Metro Area	1.3%
San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, CA Metro Area	1.2%
San Luis Obispo-Paso Robles-Arroyo Grande, CA Metro Area	0.8%
Santa Cruz-Watsonville, CA Metro Area	1.0%
Santa Fe, NM Metro Area	0.5%
Santa Maria-Santa Barbara, CA Metro Area	0.8%
Santa Rosa, CA Metro Area	0.5%
Savannah, GA Metro Area	1.8%
Scranton--Wilkes-Barre--Hazleton, PA Metro Area	-0.3%
Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, WA Metro Area	1.7%
Sebastian-Vero Beach, FL Metro Area	2.2%
Sebring, FL Metro Area	1.4%
Sheboygan, WI Metro Area	0.3%
Sherman-Denison, TX Metro Area	1.7%
Shreveport-Bossier City, LA Metro Area	-0.2%
Sierra Vista-Douglas, AZ Metro Area	-0.7%
Sioux City, IA-NE-SD Metro Area	0.1%
Sioux Falls, SD Metro Area	1.5%
South Bend-Mishawaka, IN-MI Metro Area	0.2%
Spartanburg, SC Metro Area	1.1%
Spokane-Spokane Valley, WA Metro Area	1.3%
Springfield, IL Metro Area	-0.2%
Springfield, MA Metro Area	0.2%
Springfield, MO Metro Area	0.9%
Springfield, OH Metro Area	-0.4%
St. Cloud, MN Metro Area	1.0%
St. George, UT Metro Area	2.5%
St. Joseph, MO-KS Metro Area	-0.4%
St. Louis, MO-IL Metro Area	0.2%
State College, PA Metro Area	0.7%
Staunton-Waynesboro, VA Metro Area	0.4%
Stockton-Lodi, CA Metro Area	1.5%
Sumter, SC Metro Area	-0.4%
Syracuse, NY Metro Area	-0.2%
Tallahassee, FL Metro Area	0.6%
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL Metro Area	2.0%
Terre Haute, IN Metro Area	-0.2%
Texarkana, TX-AR Metro Area	0.3%
The Villages, FL Metro Area	4.3%
Toledo, OH Metro Area	-0.1%
Topeka, KS Metro Area	0.0%
Trenton, NJ Metro Area	-0.1%
Tucson, AZ Metro Area	0.6%
Tulsa, OK Metro Area	1.1%
Tuscaloosa, AL Metro Area	0.8%
Tyler, TX Metro Area	1.3%
Urban Honolulu, HI Metro Area	0.7%
Utica-Rome, NY Metro Area	-0.5%
Valdosta, GA Metro Area	-0.4%
Vallejo-Fairfield, CA Metro Area	1.2%
Victoria, TX Metro Area	1.2%
Vineland-Bridgeton, NJ Metro Area	-0.8%
Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC Metro Area	0.4%
Visalia-Porterville, CA Metro Area	0.6%
Waco, TX Metro Area	1.0%
Walla Walla, WA Metro Area	0.8%
Warner Robins, GA Metro Area	0.3%
Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV Metro Area	1.1%
Waterloo-Cedar Falls, IA Metro Area	0.3%
Watertown-Fort Drum, NY Metro Area	-1.1%
Wausau, WI Metro Area	0.2%
Weirton-Steubenville, WV-OH Metro Area	-0.7%
Wenatchee, WA Metro Area	1.5%
Wheeling, WV-OH Metro Area	-0.5%
Wichita Falls, TX Metro Area	-0.9%
Wichita, KS Metro Area	0.5%
Williamsport, PA Metro Area	-0.4%
Wilmington, NC Metro Area	1.9%
Winchester, VA-WV Metro Area	0.4%
Winston-Salem, NC Metro Area	0.6%
Worcester, MA-CT Metro Area	0.4%
Yakima, WA Metro Area	0.5%
York-Hanover, PA Metro Area	0.4%
Youngstown-Warren-Boardman, OH-PA Metro Area	-0.7%
Yuba City, CA Metro Area	0.9%
Yuma, AZ Metro Area	0.4%

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